Ichnoplanet at ICHNIA 2024!

ICHNIA 2024 was a success! Several current and former Ichnoplanet students journeyed to Florianopolis, Brazil, to present their latest research on trace fossils, sedimentology and paleobiology.

Jack Milligan and Cecilia Pirrone presented their research on reconstructing the taphonomic pathway of turtle fossils from the transitional marine sediments of the early Paleocene Salamanca Formation of Chubut, Argentina that have been bioeroded by alligators, beetles, leeches and barnacles.

Jessica Morstad had a poster going over imaging techniques and the response of benthic organisms within submarine canyons from the Barkley Canyon in the northeastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of British Columbia, Canada.

Luis Buatois presented research on the ichnological signatures at mass extinction boundaries to quantify and qualify evolutionary trends in trace fossils at and across major mass extinction events and the rate of recovery of ichnodiversity following these events.

Gabriela Mángano presented on using the Burgess Shale-type high-density, low-diversity trace-fossil assemblages at Marble Canyon, middle Cambrian Thick Stephen Formation to study the penetrative bioturbation of Burgess Shale-type deposits.  

Alejandro Garcia-Corrales had a poster exploring the ichnofauna of surficial epifauna and shallow-tier infauna from the lower Cambrian Cranbrook Lagerstätte from the Eager Formation of British Columbia, Canada, where the ichnofauna is dominated by worm burrows and, to a lesser extent, arthropod trackways.

Martin Farina and Verónica Krapovickas had a poster proposing the concept of an ecoichnotype for avian footprints, accounting for morphological variability and body mass estimates to ascertain paleoecological and paleoenvironmental details.

Romain Gougeon presented his research on the paleoecology of ichnofaunas in the early Paleozoic by analyzing the occurrences, morphology, and bioturbation indices to reveal global trends in evolutionary radiations that led to the establishment of the Phanerozoic paleosphere. Romain won the award for best oral presentation!

Anthony Shillito and Romain Gougeon presented their recent work on the significance of outcrop morphology and the use of true substrates in ichnological research by looking at bedding plane surfaces, and the physical shape and structure of geological exposures as they relate to trace fossils.

Federico Wenger gave a presentation on his research into the paleoecology and paleoenvironmental implications of the shallow-marine lower Devonian Talacasto Formation in the Central Precordillera in western Argentina, incorporating paleoenvironmental controls and sedimentology to determine ichnofacies trends.

Maximilliano Paz and Patricio Desjardins proposed a method to estimate the intensity of bioturbation in the mixed layer of mud-rich successions by looking at the degree of bioturbation to improve ichnofabrics descriptions and transitions between successions of ichnocoenoses.

Mariano Arregui and Verónica Krapovickas presented exceptionally well-preserved large-sized burrows from the Pleistocene of Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina, thought to have been produced by pampatheres based on the size of the burrows and phenetic correlation of claw marks with the anatomy of the forelimb.

Mariano Arregui also presented on subsurface bioturbation and bioerosion structures in core samples from external storm-influenced estuarine deposits from the Springhill Formation, Austral-Magallanes Basin, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.

Sudipta Dasgupta was a coauthor on a presentation looking at the ichnological response to the Eocene hyperthermal events from the onshore deposits of the Kutch Basin, western India, which acted as stressors controlling the distribution and benthic dynamics of successive Eocene ichnocoenoses.

Verónica Krapovickas had a presentation on the behaviour, paleoecology, and locomotion dynamics of early mammals and early dinosaurs based on trackways from the middle Jurassic La Matilde Formation, Patagonia, Argentina.

Nicolas Minter and Lijun Zhang worked with Luis and Gabriela on a presentation on the infaunal response to environmental extremes during critical intervals of deep time using trace fossil evidence during the End-Permian mass extinction event.

Diego Muñoz proposed refining the stratigraphy of Cruziana by using transitional ichnotaxa Cruziana semiplicata and Cruziana rugosa groups from the Central Andean Basin, northwestern Argentina using trace fossil and trilobite body fossil evidence.

Maximiliano Paz presented a poster looking at the ichnofauna of a delta complex from the Cambrian-Ordovician Los Cabos Group, Asturias, Spain, identifying two distinct trace fossil assemblages including storm and flood-influenced assemblages. He also presented the deep-sea trace fossil Lingulichnus verticalis from the upper Ordovician proximal turbidite deposits of Asturias, Spain, and associated brachiopod body fossils.  

Noelia Carmona coauthored a presentation on the analysis of Mole Cricket burrows and their implications for understanding substrate moisture changes on preservation and morphology.

Congratulations to everyone on the amazing and informative oral presentations and posters, the contributions of current and former Ichnoplanet students made the conference much better. Thanks to the organizers and committees that made ICHNIA 2024 possible! One ichnology!

Written by Jack Milligan

Ichnoplanet collaboration with the Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio in Trelew, Argentina!

Jack Milligan recently visited Patagonia to study turtle fossils from the Paleocene Salamanca Formation in Chubut, Argentina, analyzing trace fossils on turtle shells. This study is ongoing, but early observations indicate that the tracemakers behind the trace fossils seen on Chelid and Pan-chelid turtle carapaces and plastrons include alligatoroids, beetles, leeches, and barnacles.

The image shows an example of a trace fossil left on a turtle fossil by a beetle, the morphology similar to Osteocallis isp.

Through this research, the trace fossils can be used to understand the taphonomic pathway of these turtles, and how the trace fossils can be used to inform paleoenvironmental conditions at different stages of taphonomy. In addition to the trace fossils, several paleopathologies were identified, many of which could have resulted from trophic interactions between the turtles and other animals.

Thanks to Dr. Juliana Sterli and Dr. Marcelo Krause for hosting this research at the MEF, this will be a very cool project!

Written by Jack Milligan

Jurassic paleosurfaces with fecal mounds reveal the last supper of arenicolid worms

Recently, new research by Gabriela Mángano, Luis Buatois, and coauthors from Stoney Brook University and the MUJA near Colunga, Asturias, Spain, on fecal mounds produced by arenicolid worms from the Upper Jurassic Lastres Formation in Asturias, Spain, has been featured in local news in Asturias. Students who have recently taken the Asturias geology field course offered through the University of Saskatchewan had the opportunity to see these trace fossils in the collections/galleries at the Museo del Jurásico de Asturias (MUJA).

Figure from Mángano et al., 2024 showing the stratigraphy and detailed sedimentologic characteristics of the lowermost Upper Jurassic interval of the Lastres Formation at Arroyo Solero containing one of the surfaces with fecal cast mounds, including a close-up picture of the deposits showing the bedding surface that contains fecal cast mounds in cross-section.

The fecal mounds were given the name Cumulusichnus asturiensis. They are made up of an accumulation of thin sandstone cords roughly 1 to 2.3 mm thick and are preserved on a paleosurface comprised of rippled sandstone formed by wave action. The traces are preferentially located within the depressions located between the crests of the ripples. In the modern, the worms that generate this type of structure are known as Arenicola marina, a benthic polychaete from the family Arenicolidae (also called lugworms) that can be found in estuaries, deltas, tidal flats, and shallow marine settings of Europe. North America and New Zealand. The worm lives upside down inside the sediment inside an L- or J-shaped tube (domichnia) and feeds on bacteria and various microorganisms that live within the substrate. The worm swallows sand, takes in nutrients, and expels the waste, forming small sandy fecal piles on the surface that resemble squiggles or spaghetti.

Figure from Mángano et al., 2024, showing examples of arenicolid fecal mounds from Playa España, Upper Jurassic Lastres Formation of Asturias, Spain. Scale bars are 2 cm long.

You can read the paper in the journal Nature here. You can watch a brief news clip (in Spanish) here (skip to 11 min 40 sec). You can also read an article and watch another video highlighting the discovery here. Once again, congratulations to Gabriela, Luis, and the other researchers involved with this project!

Written by Jack Milligan

Ichnoplanet student challenges interpretations of dinosaur behaviour through paleoart

Photo by Jack Milligan

Recently, Ichnoplanet master’s student Kaitlin Lindblad has had her fantastic artistic work featured in the Department of Geology at the University of Saskatchewan, focusing on depicting dinosaurs behaving in ways not commonly seen. Aside from her studies, she is a paleoartist who uses digital painting techniques to bring ancient ecosystems to life for the purposes of entertainment, education and outreach, and scientific communication in the literature.

The pieces she has done for the museum include a Tyrannosaurus rex scratching its back on a tree, and a Triceratops aggressing against two Thescalosaurus. She is hard at work creating more pieces for the museum, and our research group! We’re excited for what awesome piece she’ll come up with next.

Read her story in USask News. Listen to her radio interviews with CBC Regina and CBC Saskatoon. Check out Kailtin’s profile here.

Written by Jack Milligan

Congrats Dr. Andrei Ichaso!

Last week, our own Andrei Ichaso successfully defended his doctoral thesis! His thesis focused on the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and ichnology of the middle Cambrian to Early Ordovician Deadwood Formation in western Canada and the midwestern United States. Congratulations Dr. Ichaso!

Andrei’s doctoral thesis earned him the University of Saskatchewan Graduate Thesis Award in the Physical & Engineering Sciences category from the College of Graduate & Postdoctoral Studies at USASK. Congratulations Andrei!

Check out Andrei’s ICHNOPLANET profile here.

Written by Jack Milligan